Pre-Op: Finding a Donor & Matching

Matching aims to lower rejection risk and get you a kidney that works well long-term. A “perfect” match isn’t required, but some combinations are safer.

The pieces of a match

Blood type: some pairs are compatible; incompatible may still be possible with programs or special protocols.
HLA typing: compares immune markers from you and the donor.
cPRA (antibodies): higher numbers mean you react to more potential donors; centers use strategies to expand options.
Crossmatch: final check that your blood does not attack the donor cells.

Paths to a kidney

Deceased-donor waitlist: based on medical factors and waiting time; keep contact info current.
Living donor: best outcomes, shorter wait. Can be related or unrelated.
Paired exchange (swap): if your donor isn’t compatible with you, you match with another pair.

If you’re highly sensitized

More screening and special matching; paired exchange can help.
Some centers use protocols to lower antibodies; risks/benefits are individualized.

Questions to ask: What’s my blood type and cPRA? Am I eligible for paired exchange? How will I be contacted for an offer?

Informational only; matching policies vary by region and center.